NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and space research.
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On 5/22/24, Chinmay Deval, the Water Security Lead at the SERVIR Science Coordination Office, moderated a virtual panel for the ResilienceLinks monthly webinar series. ResilienceLinks is the knowledge platform for the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Center for Resilience. The theme for May focused on Water Data and Climate Resilience. The panel featured distinguished water experts from the SERVIR global network, including: Jamilatou Chaibou Begou from the Agrometeorology, Hydrology, and Meteorology Regional Center/SERVIR West Africa, Chinaporn Meechaiya from the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center/SERVIR Southeast Asia, Jim Nelson, Principal Investigator of…
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A collaboration between IMPACT and IBM has produced INDUS, a comprehensive suite of large language models (LLMs) tailored for the domains of Earth science, biological and physical sciences, heliophysics, planetary sciences, and astrophysics and trained using curated scientific corpora drawn from diverse data sources. Kaylin Bugbee (ST11), team lead of NASA’s Science Discovery Engine (SDE), spoke to the benefit INDUS offers to existing applications: “Large language models are rapidly changing the search experience. The Science Discovery Engine, a unified, insightful search interface for all of NASA’s open science data and information, has prototyped integrating INDUS into …
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Alphonse Sterling (ST13) gave an invited seminar presentation to the Space Science group at UNH, on 4/26/24. Sterling, who obtained his PhD from UNH, also had round table discussions with some of the current UNH students interested in careers in space science. View the full article
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Dennis Gallagher (ST13) provided a lecture to this summer’s 15 REU students titled “Inner Magnetospheric Physics”. Mehmet Yalim of UAH Space Science Department is managing the program this year. View the full article
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Alphonse Sterling (ST13) gave a lecture on solar physics to at a one-day school on 5/5/24, in Krakow, Poland. The lecture was entitled “Introduction to the Solar Interior and Atmosphere,” and was just given prior to the start of IAU Symposium 388 on Solar and Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections. The audience included students and postdocs from various international locations who were attending the Symposium. View the full article
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Phil Kaaret (ST12) is lead author on the paper which describes Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of the galaxy NGC 2366. Escape of Lyman continuum (LyC) emission from galaxies found in the early universe was essential for the reionization of the universe when the intergalactic medium (IGM) changed from being neutral gas to the ionized IGM that we observe today. Compact emission-line galaxies (LCGs) are the most abundant class of confirmed Lyman continuum (LyC) emitters and provide (relatively) nearby analogs of the galaxies found in the early universe. An optical integral field study of NGC 2366 revealed an outflow originating at a star cluster known as “knot B” that…
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2 min read Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater) The 2025 RASC-AL Competition is seeking undergraduate and graduate teams to develop new concepts that leverage innovation to improve our ability to operate on the Moon, Mars and beyond. Each team’s response should address novel and robust technologies, capabilities, and operational models that support expanding humanity’s ability to thrive beyond Earth. In this year’s RASC-AL Competition, teams and their faculty advisors are invited to design and propose innovative solutions with supporting original engineering and analysis in response to one of the following themes: Sustained Lunar Evolut…
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Alphonse Sterling (ST13) is co-author on a paper describing CMEs that appear to be initiated by a series of recurrent coronal jets. The paper is entitled: “Source Region and Launch Characteristics of Magnetic-arch-blowout Solar Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Homologous Compact-flare Blowout Jets.” It is led by Binal Patel, a graduate student of Sterling’s colleague in India, Bhuwan Joshi; Ronald Moore of UAH is also a co-author. The paper will appear in ApJ shortly, and a preprint is available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.03292. Pre-eruptive coronal magnetic field configurations of the source region obtained from the NLFFF extrapolations using HMI vector magneto…
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Phil Kaaret (ST12) gave a talk on “Particle acceleration and magnetic field geometry in the eastern jet of the microquasar SS 433” at the session on Black Holes on 6/12/24. At the end of his talk, Kaaret promoted the upcoming IXPE GO cycle 2 and the NICER/IXPE workshop that will be a hybrid meeting held 7/29-8/1/24 and the International X-ray POlarimetry Symposium being organized by USRA that will be held in Huntsville on 9/16-19/24. View the full article
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Timothy Lang (ST11) is the Principal Investigator and Aaron Kaulfus (ST11) is a Co-Investigator (Co-I) on a proposal titled “Using CYGNSS with a suite of spaceborne remote sensing datasets to probe tropical maritime cold pool evolution from space”, which was recently selected for funding by NASA. CYGNSS stands for Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System, and the proposal seeks to combine CYGNSS and other scatterometer measurements of ocean winds using machine learning to detect and track cold pools (i.e., gust front winds) from tropical maritime convection throughout their lifetimes. This work will enable a more process-oriented look at how convectively driven cold poo…
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Timothy Lang (ST11) is a co-author on an article titled “Effective Visualization of Radar Data for Users Impacted by Color Vision Deficiency”, which was recently accepted for publication in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. The article is led by Zachary Sherman of Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), and it is an outgrowth of a long-standing collaboration on open science between ANL, MSFC, and other institutions that predates NASA Science Policy Directive (SPD) 41a and the Transform to Open Science (TOPS) campaign. Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) affects up to 8% of genetic males and 0.5% of genetic females, and traditional color maps used in radar meteorology …
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Linda Krause and Heidi Haviland (ST13) along with Jeff Apple, Miguel Rodriguez-Otero (ES11), Kurt Dietz (ES52), and Gary Thornton (ES21) contributed to the Planetary Instrument Concepts for the Advancement of Solar System Observations (PICASSO) proposal LVACCS that was selected for funding. Omar Leon (University of Michigan) is the instrument suite PI. Electric charge accumulates on the lunar rovers and landers from ambient plasma, ionizing radiation, suprathermal charged particles, dust, and surface regolith. LVACCS will measure both the positive and negative charge, acts to discharge negative charge buildup, and actively charges the vehicle to a known positive potential…
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On 5/24/24, Astronomy and Astrophysics published online “Pulsar-wind-nebula-powered Galactic center X-ray filament G0.13–0.11” by Eugene Churazov et al. On 5/30/24, Astrophysical Journal Letters published online “Discovery of a Shock-compressed Magnetic Field in the Northwestern Rim of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7–3946 with X-Ray Polarimetry” by Riccardo Ferrazzoli et al. View the full article
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Manil Maskey (ST11/IMPACT) was an invited guest at the Taylor Geospatial Institute (TGI) GeoAI gathering. He presented on the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) based geospatial foundation model and the recent developments in weather and climate foundation model. Following the presentation, Maskey engaged in discussions that led to several agencies expressing interest in collaborating with IMPACT on these foundation models. TGI’s mission is to catalyze collaboration across our consortium, to connect partners in the broader geospatial ecosystem, and to align distinctive strengths, collective expertise, and shared resources to generate innovative research and solutions. …
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SatSummit brings together leaders in the satellite industry and global development experts for two days of presentations and discussions on using satellite data to address critical development challenges. Rahul Ramachandran (ST11/IMPACT) participated in a panel focused on large earth foundation models, offering an overview of AI foundation models and their potential for societal good. He detailed NASA’s approach to building these models and the agency’s overall strategy, underscoring their importance in advancing Earth science and global development initiatives. View the full article
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Manil Maskey (ST11/IMPACT) was an invited panelist at the United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation (USGIF) organized GEOINT Symposium Panel titled “Geo-GPT” for Real-Time Geospatial Discovery. The panel explored the convergence of foundational artificial intelligence models beyond large language models, unveiling the potential for groundbreaking conversational “GeoGPT” capabilities that enable real-time geospatial discovery. The discussion centered on the fusion of language processing, computer vision, and spatial reasoning to enable dynamic and interactive exploration for GEOINT planning and response missions. The panel highlighted how the integration of diverse …
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NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado (CU) Boulder enacted a collaborative Space Act Agreement Monday, Aug. 5, 2024, to advance research and modeling in the critical field of space weather. NASA and LASP are longtime space science and exploration partners, and this formal agreement expands the depth and breadth of space weather activities for everyone’s benefit. Space weather refers to conditions in space — typically driven by the Sun’s activity — that can affect humans and technology. Space weather is responsible for the aurora, and intense events can harm s…
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Rahul Ramachandran and Maskey (ST11/IMPACT) participated in IBM Think, where their IBM collaborators showcased two innovative AI applications for weather and climate modeling. The first application focuses on climate downscaling, enhancing the resolution of climate models for more accurate local predictions. The second application aims to optimize wind farm predictions, improving renewable energy forecasts. During the event, Ramachandran and Maskey were interviewed, highlighting the ongoing fruitful collaboration with IBM Research and its potential to advance climate science and renewable energy forecasting. View the full article
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A proposal entitled, “TEMPO-EMIT synergy: Enhancing applications of GHG (greenhouse gas) and air pollutant observations over key emission sources,” was selected for funding through a NASA cross-mission product opportunity. The project, co-led by Aaron Naeger at SPoRT, will integrate the complementary air pollutant and GHG data from the NASA TEMPO and EMIT missions for designing a TEMPO-EMIT merged product concept, which aims to facilitate assessments of GHG and co-pollutant emissions from key source regions in the U.S. The focus of this project will be on the oil and gas operations in the Permian Basin where recent data have indicated strong nitrogen dioxide and methane e…
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Analyses suggest that microgravity does not significantly alter fundamental biochemical pathways in kidney cells, including metabolism of vitamin D. This finding could help researchers develop strategies to protect crew health on future missions and improve treatment of kidney-related diseases on Earth. Kidney Cell examined the effects of microgravity and other factors of space travel on kidney health. Previous reports suggested that changes in kidney cell metabolism of vitamin D plays a role in bone loss in microgravity, and this paper recommends additional study to determine if this most recent finding is consistent with extended (>6 months) exposure to mic…
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Learn Home AstroViz: Iconic Pillars of… For Educators Overview Learning Resources Science Activation Teams SME Map Opportunities More Science Stories Science Activation Highlights Citizen Science 4 min read AstroViz: Iconic Pillars of Creation Star in NASA’s New 3D Visualization NASA’s Universe of Learning – a partnership among the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), Caltech/IPAC, the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and part of the NASA Science Activation program portfolio – recently released a new 3D visualization of the towering clouds of cosmic dust and gas at the center of the st…
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4 Min Read NASA, EPA Tackle NO2 Air Pollution in Overburdened Communities This map shows average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide for 2022 over the U.S., as detected by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on NASA’s Aura satellite. Higher concentrations are in red and purple. Lower concentrations are in blue. Credits: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio Earth (ESD) Earth Home Explore Climate Change Science in Action Multimedia Data For Researchers For the first time, NASA data about nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a harmful air pollutant, is available in the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) widely used Enviro…
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NASA Hidden Figure Dorothy J. Vaughan (Narrated by Octavia Spencer)
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The summer months are usually a time for teachers to take a break from the classroom and enjoy some well-earned rest. But at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, two experienced educators dedicated their summer vacations to learning how to enrich their students’ science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and inspire them to achieve their dreams. Johnson’s Office of STEM Engagement (OSTEM) welcomed Jerry “Denise” Dunn and Shawnda Folsom as full-time interns for the summer. Both women came to Johnson through the Oklahoma Space Grant Consortium, which not only supports students pursuing STEM careers but also provides curriculum enhancement…
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5 Min Read ‘Current’ Events: NASA and USGS Find a New Way to Measure River Flows The River Observing System (RiOS) tracking the motion of water surface features from above a section of the Sacramento River in Northern California in 2023. Credits: NASA/USGS/Joe Adams and Chris Gazoorian A team of scientists and engineers at NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated to see if a small piloted drone, equipped with a specialized payload, could help create detailed maps of how fast water is flowing. Rivers supply…
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